To decrease the risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia, which practice should the nurse implement?

One important strategy to decrease the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is to elevate the head of the bed to an angle between 30 to 45 degrees. This practice helps prevent the aspiration of secretions and reduces the likelihood of bacteria from the oropharynx entering the lower respiratory tract. By positioning patients at this incline, gravity aids in keeping gastric contents away from the airway, thus minimizing the risk of infection.

Elevating the head of the bed also promotes better pulmonary function by facilitating lung expansion and reducing the risk of atelectasis, which can further contribute to respiratory complications. Therefore, maintaining this position is a key element of evidence-based care in patients requiring mechanical ventilation.